{"id":13182,"date":"2021-04-02T14:35:44","date_gmt":"2021-04-02T19:35:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/?p=13182"},"modified":"2021-04-02T15:46:07","modified_gmt":"2021-04-02T20:46:07","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b6%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8b%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b6%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8b%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627<\/span>…<\/span>\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0630<\/span>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0639\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span> 16<\/span>\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0630\u0626\u0630<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0623\u0631\u0636<\/span>\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0639\u0628\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span>… <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629<\/span> \u062c\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u062d\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0644\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0643\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644<\/span> \u0644\u0645<\/span> \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0633\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064e<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span>\u0642\u0636\u062a\u0652\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0650\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0650<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0633\u0639\u064a\u064e\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0644\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u062d\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u060c<\/span> \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0631<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0623\u0631\u0636<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u0649<\/span> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> 3 <\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0648\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/span>\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0641<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/span> \u0623\u0647\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646\u0648\u0647\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0643\u0644<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/span> \u063a\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0631\u062a\u0652<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f<\/span> \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u062d\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span> 1558<\/span>\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span> 33 “<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span>” <\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> 19 <\/span>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> 2 <\/span>\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642<\/span> 50 <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a\u0652<\/span> (2\/3) <\/span>\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/span>(galiotes) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u0644\u0645<\/span> \u064a\u0643\u0646<\/span> \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e\u0634\u0652\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0637\u0652<\/span> (<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641\u0651<\/span>) <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u064a\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a\u0639<\/span> \u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0649<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span>\/<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0634\u0629<\/span> \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span>“<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0641<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0641\u0650\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span>” <\/span>\u0623\u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/span> (Tal Shuval) <\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> La ville d’Alger vers la fin du 18\u00e8me si\u00e8cle (<\/span>\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span> 18<\/span>\u0645<\/span>)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u062f\u0644<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0650\u0651\u062c\u064a<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/span> \u0628\u0640\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645<\/span>“. <\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642<\/span> \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u062d\u062a\u0649<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u062d\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0651\u064a\u062f\u064f\u0648<\/span> \u0628\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0623\u062d\u062f<\/span> \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span>\u0645\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0642<\/span> \u062c\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> 1814<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u0644\u0645<\/span> \u062a\u0643\u0646<\/span> \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u064a<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0639<\/span> \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0636<\/span>\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0635<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u062c\u0644<\/span> \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643<\/span> \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/span>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u062a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0640<\/span>: “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span>” (Les Ren\u00e9gats).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631<\/span>: <\/span>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0643\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a\u062a\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0643\u0652\u0631\u064a\u062a<\/span> \u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u062f\u0644<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631<\/span> \u0631\u064f\u0648\u062f\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0633\u060c<\/span>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u063a\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0637\u0652<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/span> (<\/span>\u0648\u0625\u0646<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0636<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0628<\/span> \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629<\/span>)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/span> \u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/span> \u0625\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u062c<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0637<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c<\/span> \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/span> (Venezia) <\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c<\/span> \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0652\u0632\u064f\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f\u0648<\/span> (Mezzo Morto) <\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span>(Morat Rais) <\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span> 16<\/span>\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0648<\/span> \u063a\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span> (<\/span>\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span> Jans Janszoon Van Haarlem) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span> 17<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0652<\/span> \u0633\u0641\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u062d\u062a\u0649<\/span> \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626<\/span> \u0622\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span> 1627<\/span>\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0650\u064a\u064f\u0651\u0648<\/span> (Morad patrapello) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0650\u064a<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0644\u064a<\/span>\/<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0623\u064a<\/span>“<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0651\u0645\u0650\u064a<\/span>” <\/span>\u0628\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0630\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0650\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0631\u062f\u0650\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span> (Mehemet le Sarde)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/span>…<\/span>\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u0627<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

“<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c<\/span> \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/span> (…) <\/span>\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0629\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span>“. <\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0646<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span>“<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627<\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0636<\/span> \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/span>. <\/span>\u0623\u0644\u064e\u0645\u0652<\/span> \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u064a\u064a\u063a\u0648<\/span> \u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a\u062f\u0648<\/span> (Diego de Haedo)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646<\/span>16<\/span>\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0639\u0646<\/span> “<\/span>\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span>” <\/span>\u0623\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span> \u0644\u0645<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span>“<\/span>\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span>“<\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0624\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>“<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u062d\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span>1768<\/span>\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0623\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0644\u0642\u0628<\/span> “<\/span>\u0642\u0648\u0631\u0635\u0648<\/span>” <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> CORSO <\/span>\u0623\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span> “<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0643\u060c<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0652\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/span>…”. <\/span>\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u062f<\/span> \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a<\/span>” <\/span>\u0623\u0648<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a<\/span>” <\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u062c\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0649<\/span> \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0630<\/span> \u0628\u0636\u0639<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u0633\u0648\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/span> (Colbert)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0645<\/span>1667<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u0641\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0639\u0628\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span> \u062d\u0643\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span> 1558<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u060c\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> 1569<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u0625\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642<\/span> 6 <\/span>\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631<\/span> \u062f\u0652\u064a\u0650\u064a\u063a\u064f\u0648<\/span> \u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u064a\u0650\u064a\u062f\u064f\u0648<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span>” <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0650\u0645\u0629<\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> 50 <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629<\/span> \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0623\u062d\u0635\u0649<\/span> \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span>“<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627<\/span>” <\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span> 1641<\/span>\u0645<\/span> \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> 3 <\/span>\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0630\u0650\u0643\u0652\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0643\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span> (Le p\u00e8re Dan) <\/span>\u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u0629<\/span> 1632<\/span>\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0625\u0646<\/span> \u0639\u062f\u062f<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> “<\/span>\u0628\u0647\u062c\u0629<\/span>” <\/span>\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0639\u0628\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/span> 8 <\/span>\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span>\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645<\/span> 200 <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629<\/span> \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u062f<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u064a\u064f\u0635\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0642<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0623\u0646<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627<\/span> \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/span>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/span> “<\/span>\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627<\/span>” <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0633\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u062f\u0648<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u0635\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0652\u0648\u0627<\/span> (Ren\u00e9 du Chastelet du Boy)…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0642<\/span> \u0643\u0644<\/span> \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c<\/span> \u0644\u0645<\/span> \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644<\/span> \u0644\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span>” <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0636\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644<\/span> “<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span>” <\/span>\u0639\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0623\u062c\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649<\/span> \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span> \u0623\u062c\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0646\u062d\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0627<\/span>… <\/span>\u0648<\/span>“<\/span>\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0651\u064a<\/span>\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0642\u0651\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0652<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/span>“… \ud83d\ude42<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0639\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/1318650157\/posts\/10219408793073378\/?d=n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0627…\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645… \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13184,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627. - AAH.JZR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/ar\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631-\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629-\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627-\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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