{"id":14272,"date":"2021-04-16T08:53:49","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T13:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/?p=14272"},"modified":"2021-04-16T08:53:49","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T13:53:49","slug":"ramadan-in-1910-1950-algeria-the-sounds-of-ramadan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/en\/ramadan-in-1910-1950-algeria-the-sounds-of-ramadan\/","title":{"rendered":"RAMADAN IN 1910 \u2013 1950 ALGERIA : The Sounds of Ramadan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By <i><b>Radia Youcef<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14273 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/nana-Khadidja-copy-224x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/nana-Khadidja-copy-224x300.png 224w, https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/nana-Khadidja-copy.png 478w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 224px) 100vw, 224px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b><i>\u201cMy grandmother Djenet is 82 years old, bless her, and is a very curious lady who likes to chat. I love her and love chatting with her especially about old times. When I asked her what\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-1\">remembers<\/mark>\u00a0about Ramadan foods back in the day, and during her early years,\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0said: \u2018food was simple, less sophisticated than today but still women made sure to produce good food for their families during Ramadan. So much so, that they went the extent of selling their jewelry, if needed, in order to feed their family properly during the Holy Month\u2019.\u201d<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<div><i><b>\u2013 Radia Youcef, Algerian doctor turned food blogger\u00a0<\/b><\/i><i><b>and her \u00a0grandmother Djenet<\/b><\/i><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"separator\">How beautiful are grandmother! And how interesting it always is to talk to them about their childhood memories! I bombard my grandma, every time I sit with her, with questions about her childhood memories, how they did things back then, and how different life was\u2026 I never loved anything more than listening to teita\u2019s stories about how\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0met my grand fathers, how they fell in love and how their parents raised them\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"separator\"><strong>Grandparents are really gorgeous, and very interesting. They always have the best stories, and the strangest things to tell! If you take the time and really show interest, you will be amazed how entertaining they are!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Connecting with our elders, and\u00a0<i>Silat al Rahm \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645 \u00a0<\/i>(literally meaning connecting with the lineage\/ family members) is one of Ramadan\u2019s most important traditions, one that we must keep alive. This connection is not done by just being in the same room with them waiting for Iftar; eating, then swiftly leaving. This connection only happens by being genuinely interested, asking them how they are with an interest to know and most importantly by being interested in knowing them, not only as our grandparents, but as individuals and their stories.<\/p>\n<p>For the purpose of posting about this tradition, I had asked Radia Youcef, the Algerian food blogger living in the UAE, to chat with her grandma about Ramadan back when\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0was young. And since we were at it, I thought why not discover the differences and similarities between the traditions of the different generations within the same family? It turned out to be great, because Djenet, Radia\u2019s grandmother, loves to chat and is a generally very interesting lady. I mean for someone who has witnessed 82 years of the most transformative years in history,\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0is bound to be an interesting lady to say the least.<\/p>\n<h2>Here are some of what\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0recalls about Ramadan in West Algeria during 1910 -1950<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-e_1s4ow4FgQ\/UekHECtLEvI\/AAAAAAAAMh8\/tdQnS5ptGZ8\/s1600\/Oran+1910,1920.jpg\" data-rel=\"penci-gallery-image-content\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-e_1s4ow4FgQ\/UekHECtLEvI\/AAAAAAAAMh8\/tdQnS5ptGZ8\/s640\/Oran+1910,1920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"424\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Oran, Algeria (1910-1920) L\u2019hotel de Ville Real Photograph from postcard<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u201cMijoud Lillah\u201d or \u201cIlli Mawjoud\u201d<\/h3>\n<h6>\u0645\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f<br \/>\n<i>Literally meaning whatever is available to give as charity.<\/i><\/h6>\n<p>Djenet\u2019s family \u2018Mesteganem\u2019 comes from an area in West Algeria known as Oran. In her early years, Algeria was still a French Colony (before the\u00a0independence\u00a0war).\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0says that back then, different areas of Algeria had different traditions, therefore the customs\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0had witnessed could have been specific only to her area.<\/p>\n<p>One of Djenet\u2019s most prominent Ramadan memories is the clinking sounds that broke the silence as they roamed through the otherwise quiet streets of Oran right before Iftar.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0says:\u00a0<i>\u201cRight before Iftar, you would hear clicking\u00a0sounds all over Oran. These were the sounds of dragging enameled pots on the floor by Misjid\u2019s\u00a0(mosques)\u00a0students. These clicking sounds were very typical of Ramadan\u2019s Iftar time in Oran back then\u201d.<b>\u00a0<\/b><\/i><mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0explains:\u00a0<i>\u201cStudents used to come to Oran from small villages to learn Quran in the mosque\u2019s school. Right before Iftar. These students would roam the streets, dragging pots strung with a cord, knocking on people\u2019s doors to receive \u2018mijoud\u2019 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u062f , which is their food for the day.\u00a0<\/i><i>The students would go in groups of 5-6 and would divide the streets upon the groups. This tradition was very well known and people expected the students to come knocking so they spared food for them.\u201d\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-NwKrVNxirKg\/UekHEyZgxyI\/AAAAAAAAMiI\/WKQHrtHK9IE\/s1600\/0acomfrechon1910.jpg\" data-rel=\"penci-gallery-image-content\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-NwKrVNxirKg\/UekHEyZgxyI\/AAAAAAAAMiI\/WKQHrtHK9IE\/s640\/0acomfrechon1910.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"484\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Algerian women filling their jugs at a well. Photograph taken by Emile Frechon, Algeria 1910<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>The Sounds of Ramadan<\/h3>\n<p>While those were the sounds of Iftar, Oran also enjoyed the sounds of Suhoor, as Djenet explains that another similar memory is the\u00a0<b><i>Qarqbou.<\/i><\/b>\u00a0These are a group of nomads from the desserts that roamed the streets of big cities during the Holy month, playing their musical instrument known as\u00a0<i>Qarqbou<\/i>\u00a0(an instrument similar to the Spanish castagnette).<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201cQarqbou nomads would roam the streets of Oran around midnight, playing their music to wake up the families to start preparing for Imsak \u0625\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u00a0(Suhoor\/predawn meal). Families used to cook couscous for Imsak, and they used to make it from scratch. Therefore they had to wake up early to have enough time to prepare it for the predawn meal.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Radia explains that while the \u2018clicking pots\u2019 tradition had progressively disappeared, the\u00a0<i><b>Qraqbou<\/b><\/i>\u00a0tradition still lives on. Until this day,\u00a0<b>Qraqbou<\/b>\u00a0nomads, would roam the streets playing their music to wake up families in hopes for some charity in return.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0also explains that the traditional couscous dish had for Suhour is known as\u00a0<b><i>Seffa<\/i><\/b>\u00a0or\u00a0<b><i>Mesfouf<\/i><\/b>, which is a couscous dish that can be made with or without meat either with raisins or green peas and is usually served with buttermilk. Radia says that this dish is still served today for Sohour, however the younger generations might prefer to have a lighter meal such as a regular breakfast served with bread and milk.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-sD50kgR2Jgo\/UeO-2JkuFzI\/AAAAAAAAMg4\/8uZTHK2Hiws\/s1600\/Great+grand+father+copy.png\" data-rel=\"penci-gallery-image-content\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-sD50kgR2Jgo\/UeO-2JkuFzI\/AAAAAAAAMg4\/8uZTHK2Hiws\/s640\/Great+grand+father+copy.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"428\" height=\"640\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Radia Youcef\u2019s Grandfather, Hadj Mostafa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Djenet\u2019s granddaughter Radia explains that such traditions are different today as people\u2019s circumstances are different.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0explains: Djenet describes the food back then as being simple and much less complicated than today\u2019s food, however, families still ate varieties of food and made sure to eat well. Eating well, especially during Ramadan, was very important that women went to the extent of selling their\u00a0jewelry to ensure their family are properly fed and enjoy a variety of foods.<\/p>\n<p><i><b>\u201cWomen still want to feed their families properly during Ramadan, and since food becomes more expensive as merchants raise the prices during the month, they now can start preparing for Ramadan ahead of time. Today\u2019s appliances help them do that, while back in the day this option was not available. Today, women can buy ingredients ahead of Ramadan, prepare them and freeze them ready to use during the month.\u201d<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>So I had to ask her about the\u00a0Algerian Ramadan Pantry<\/h3>\n<p><mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0explained that the pantry will depend on the season. For instance, if Ramadan falls in winter when green peppers are not in season for example, then cooks will buy boxes of peppers when they are in season, grill them to make the traditional \u2018grilled pepper and tomato sauce\u2019. They will then freeze them ready to use during Ramadan.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0also explains that foods which are to be consumed on daily basis during the month, such as\u00a0<i><b>burek<\/b><\/i>, are usually prepared in advance to allow cooks more time and freedom to relaxedly prepare other foods during the day. In the same effect, almonds are blanched ahead and ready to use for making desserts\u2026etc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-CRtW6XtCXMs\/UekHGboRu2I\/AAAAAAAAMiQ\/etVJI05Rx0I\/s1600\/card-players.jpg\" data-rel=\"penci-gallery-image-content\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-CRtW6XtCXMs\/UekHGboRu2I\/AAAAAAAAMiQ\/etVJI05Rx0I\/s640\/card-players.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"410\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Algerian boys playing cards in 1910. Photo from the world of playing cards<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b><i>\u201c<\/i><\/b><i>These traditions are not mandatory or a must. They are carried out to allow cooks more time during the day, as well as helps them to save some money as ingredients soar during Ramadan.<\/i><i>It is also a personal\u00a0preference\u00a0 as I personally do not freeze foods and prefer to make them fresh and from scratch. I guess it depends on the cook.\u201d<b>\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/i>Explains Radia<a href=\"http:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-CRtW6XtCXMs\/UekHGboRu2I\/AAAAAAAAMiQ\/etVJI05Rx0I\/s1600\/card-players.jpg\"><br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Most Famous Ramadan Foods in Algeria<\/h3>\n<p>Radia explained to me that in Algeria, Ramadan is synonymous with Soup.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0also explains that the choice of soup depends on the region. In the East the soup of choice is always\u00a0<strong><i>Chorba Frik\u00a0<\/i><\/strong>(recipe on this link),\u00a0which is a soup of green wheat, chickpeas and tomato. As for the West, the choice is always\u00a0<strong><i>Algerian Hareera<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0soup, which\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0explains is different from the\u00a0Moroccan Hareera.\u00a0<i>\u201cIt is imperative that one of these soups is served during Ramadan\u201d\u00a0<\/i>says Radia.<\/p>\n<p><i><strong>Bureks<\/strong>\u00a0<\/i>(Algerian spring rolls) are another staple on the Algerian Ramadan table, where choice for filling is varied. Another very important item is\u00a0<strong><em>Khobz Eddar<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(recipe on this link), which is bread, often home-baked and made using ingredients such as flour or semolina, sesame seeds, nigella seeds\u2026etc.<b><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/b><i>\u201cI bake my bread during Ramadan. In my household, this is a tradition that lives on.\u201d<\/i>\u00a0 says Radia and goes on to main course, which\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0describes as\u00a0<i>\u201cmust include meat or chicken with at least one type of vegetable. We call these stews \u2018<strong>Jawz\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0or \u2018<strong>Tajine\u2019,<\/strong>\u00a0depending on the region. \u2018<strong>Tajine Lahlou\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0or \u2018<strong>lham lahlou\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0are sweet tajines made with or without meats always including fresh or dried fruits such as prunes, apricots, raisins, apples, pears\u2026\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<p>When it comes to dessert then\u00a0<strong><i>Qalbellouze<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0sits at the throne of all desserts.\u00a0<strong><i>Qalbellouze \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0 literally means \u2018the almond heart\u2019. It is a rich and very sweet Algerian desert that is similar to\u00a0<i>hareeseh<\/i>\u00a0or\u00a0<i>basbousa\u00a0<\/i>however with an almond layer in the middle.<b><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/b><i>\u201cThis dessert is usually sold by the slice, and renowned bakeries would have huge queues of buyers everyday.\u201d<\/i>\u00a0describes Radia before\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0moves on to\u00a0<strong><i>Zalabya<\/i><\/strong>\u00a0(recipe on this link) which is an orange coloured dough that is fried and then dipped into honey syrup.\u00a0<i>\u201cPeople would drive to Blida (a city 45 minutes away from Algiers) as the city is well known for its amazing Zalabia.\u201d<\/i>\u00a0\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0says.<\/p>\n<h3>Some traditions never die<\/h3>\n<p>As was the case back in Djenet\u2019s time and as lives on in Radia\u2019s household, Algerians still prefer their traditional cuisine over other cuisines during Ramadan, and insist that Iftar is home-cooked. They ensure the gathering of the whole family, extended family included, for their meals.<i>\u201cIn Ramadan we eat traditional food. Absolutely no restaurants involved! We eat at home or at family members\u2019 homes. In Algeria we even invite\u00a0travelers\u00a0to have a home-cooked meal!\u201d<\/i>\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0says.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>Meet Radia Youcef<\/h3>\n<p>The warm and sweet mother of 3 lovely children is a medical doctor, who following her passion, turned to become a food blogger. Radia was born and raised in Algeria, before\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0moved to the US then Canada only to settle in Dubai two and a half years ago. So you can safely say,\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">she<\/mark>\u00a0had been around and knows her way around food. Radia loves all things food, especially discovering new recipes and sharing her family recipes.\u00a0<mark class=\"hilite term-0\">She<\/mark>\u00a0has a special affinity for pastries and thinks,\u00a0\u201cthe more complicated the better\u201d\u00a0and always says\u00a0\u201cIf it\u2019s time consuming, it means greater joy later\u201d\u2026 In her blog \u201cRado Touille En Rond\u201d\u00a0Radia shares her Algerian recipes, along with recipes from other cuisines. If you are a French speaker, make sure to follow her for exquisite Algerian and other recipes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Radia Youcef \u201cMy grandmother Djenet is 82 years old, bless her, and is a very curious lady who likes to chat.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":14276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-algeria","category-historyheritage"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>RAMADAN IN 1910 \u2013 1950 ALGERIA : The Sounds of Ramadan - AAH.JZR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/en\/ramadan-in-1910-1950-algeria-the-sounds-of-ramadan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"RAMADAN IN 1910 \u2013 1950 ALGERIA : The Sounds of Ramadan - 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