On October 24, 1870, a decree gave French citizenship to the 37,000 Jews of Algeria.<\/p>\n
In the process, the settlers from Europe (Italy, Spain, Malta, etc.) were also francized en bloc. As for the Muslims of Algeria, they are maintained in indigenous status. This is the start of a rift between the two communities.<\/p>\n
Context :<\/p>\n
In the 1860s, taking note of the end of the conquest of Algeria, Napoleon III advocated the establishment of an Arab kingdom under French protectorate, much as it would later be with the kingdom of Morocco. He himself would have had the title of “king of the Arabs”.
\nBy the senatus-consulte (imperial decree) of July 14, 1865, Muslims in Algeria were recognized as French nationals without their being required to renounce Koranic law.<\/p>\n
The project faces violent opposition from European settlers. The latter, who are on the side of the Republican left, will be among the most ardent to fight Napoleon III.<\/p>\n
The Third Republic, which succeeded the Second Empire, took the opposite view of Napoleonic policy by integrating Algeria more closely with France. But with the Cr\u00e9mieux decree, which repealed the senatus-consulte of 1865, it established unprecedented discrimination between Jews, elevated to the rank of French citizens, and Muslims.<\/p>\n
Exacerbation of community tensions
\nThe Cr\u00e9mieux decree offers full citizenship to the Jews of Algeria, subject to renouncing the mosaic law * and its prescriptions contrary to civil law in matrimonial matters (this renunciation had already been ratified under the First Empire by the metropolitan consistories) .<\/p>\n
It enshrines in Algeria the rupture between the colonized (exclusively Muslims) and the colonizers, who come from Europe and to whom the Jews are now assimilated …<\/p>\n
Translated from https:\/\/babzman.com\/cela-sest-passe-un-24-octobre-1870-les-juifs-dalgerie-deviennent-francais-par-le-decret-cremieux\/<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Source: Herodote.net<\/p>\n
Image: Family of Algerian Jews (19th century)<\/p>\n
* The Mosaic law designates the set of precepts given by Moses to the Jewish people, recorded in the Torah<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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