{"id":98630,"date":"2024-02-08T08:08:29","date_gmt":"2024-02-08T07:08:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/?p=98630"},"modified":"2024-02-08T08:08:29","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T07:08:29","slug":"the-french-algerians-moving-to-algeria-seeking-freedom-opportunity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/en\/the-french-algerians-moving-to-algeria-seeking-freedom-opportunity\/","title":{"rendered":"The French Algerians moving to Algeria \u2018seeking freedom, opportunity\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"article-header\">\n<p class=\"article__subhead css-1wt8oh6\"><em>What was once a one-way street heading north is now a two-lane highway with some people heading south out of France.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/header>\n<figure class=\"article-featured-image\"><figcaption><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wysiwyg wysiwyg--all-content css-ibbk12\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\">\n<p>Fafa finally feels free in her attire, long scarves and abayas covering her head to toe.<\/p>\n<p>The 28-year-old can wear them today in Algeria without the trouble she would have faced in France, her country of origin which she decided to quit in 2016, seeking more religious freedom.<\/p>\n<p>Third-generation French Fafa, who comes from a Muslim family, says she never felt uncomfortable in France until she decided to become a practising Muslim as an adult.<\/p>\n<p>According to German online portal Statista, there are more than 5.4 million Muslim French people, about 8 percent of the population.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen I discovered Islam, I naturally adopted a religious lifestyle in line with my principles, and since then, I no longer felt at home in France,\u201d she tells Al Jazeera.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe could easily end up being snubbed, insulted, even attacked. We\u2019re asked to change our lifestyle. We\u2019re prevented from doing certain things or going to certain places because we are veiled.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-449750006785\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Fafa is sure the marginalisation she felt was not due to her \u201cforeign origins\u201d, but rather was only about her religious affiliation.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMy husband, who is of French descent and converted to Islam, felt the same. This sense of not belonging in France clearly comes from the fact that we\u2019re Muslims,\u201d she underlines.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2668465\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2668465\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-arc-image-770 wp-image-2668465\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/AFP__20230828__33TW8CC__v1__Preview__FranceEducationReligionPolitics-1706793050.jpg\" alt=\"a woman wearing an abaya walking in the streets of Paris\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2668465\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Muslim women in France have faced harassment for their choice of attire [File: Miguel Medina\/AFP]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>What was once a one-way street leading north to France now seems to be a two-way street with a noticeable number of people heading south to Algeria.<\/p>\n<p>The mother of three says the move she took eight years ago is \u201cthe best decision\u201d of her life.<\/p>\n<div id=\"article-newsletter-slot\">\n<div class=\"sib-newsletter-form general-style\" aria-label=\"Newsletter signup Widget\">\n<div class=\"sib-form-container\">\n<div class=\"sib-container--large sib-container--horizontal\">\n<div class=\"sign-up-for-al-jazeera-container\">\n<h3 class=\"sign-up-for-al-jazeera\">Sign up for Al Jazeera<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"newsletter-title\">Week in the Middle East<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<form id=\"sib-form-general\" method=\"POST\" data-type=\"subscription\">\n<div class=\"sib-newsletter-form-fields-container\"><span class=\"newsletter-description-line\" aria-hidden=\"false\">Catch up on our coverage of the region, all in one place.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"sib-newsletter-form-fields\" aria-hidden=\"false\"><input id=\"email\" class=\"sib-newsletter-form-input\" tabindex=\"0\" autocomplete=\"email\" name=\"email\" type=\"email\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"E-mail address\" data-required=\"true\" aria-label=\"E-mail address\" \/><button class=\"sib-form-submit \" tabindex=\"0\" form=\"sib-form-general\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"signup for Week in the Middle East\">Sign up<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"error-message\" role=\"alert\" aria-hidden=\"true\" aria-atomic=\"true\" aria-live=\"error\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"success-message\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/static\/media\/right-mark-icon.3a446adc.svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sib-newsletter-privacy-policy\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">By signing up, you agree to our\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/privacy.aljazeera.net\/\" aria-label=\"By signing up, you agree to our Privacy Policy.\">Privacy Policy<\/a><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span class=\"google-recaptcha-policy\" aria-hidden=\"true\">protected by\u00a0<strong>reCAPTCHA<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cWe feel fulfilled\u2026 The climate is much more pleasant and serene than in France, where there is an oppressive atmosphere. I feel at home and \u2026 so does my husband,\u201d she confesses.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"arabs-of-france\">\u2018Arabs of France\u2019<\/h2>\n<p>Many Algerians still believe in a better future on the other side of the Mediterranean and try to get out of Algeria in any way possible.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe only people who try to dissuade me from coming to Algeria are Algerians. Most of them believe there are no opportunities here,\u201d says Ahmad*, a 24-year-old French-Algerian political science student.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-884096279238\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>For some French Algerians in France, discontent with how their country is treating people who look like them is driving them away.<\/p>\n<p>In December, the French parliament voted on a restrictive immigration law, triggering demonstrations all over the country and increasing the desire to leave France among the children of immigrants.<\/p>\n<p>While the law was referred to the Constitutional Council, which decided on January 25 that one-third of its clauses were unconstitutional, the right wing, who had championed the law, has vowed to fight back and called for a referendum on it.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2668455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2668455\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-arc-image-770 wp-image-2668455\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/AFP__20190306__1EA57Q__v1__Preview__AlgeriaDailylife-1-1706792712.jpg\" alt=\"Market scene in Algeria\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2668455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The people who spoke to Al Jazeera found the rhythm of life in Algeria more comforting [File: Ryad Kramdi\/AFP]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The contested articles clawed back benefits like family reunification, social guarantees for foreign students, health-based residence permits, and social benefits like family allowances and housing assistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt is a law that \u2026 spans from the right to asylum, obtaining a residence permit, creating new residence permits, and even defining an illegal stay as a criminal offence, which, in my opinion, is one of the most dangerous measures.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCurrently, being in an irregular situation in France is not a crime,\u201d Magda El Haitem, a lawyer at the Paris Bar, tells Al Jazeera.<\/p>\n<p>Ahmad sees a divide between before and after the Charlie Hebdo attacks: \u201cRacism and Islamophobia became accepted after 2015. I was in high school \u2026 I remember my teacher comparing me to Hamas.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-181943727964\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>A series of tragedies fueled the fears of the Muslim-Arab community, such as the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2023\/6\/28\/outrage-in-france-after-police-shoot-17-year-old-in-paris-suburb\">killing of young Nahel by French police<\/a>\u00a0in late June. \u201cSadly, it\u2019s not an extraordinary event. It was just filmed this time,\u201d regrets Ahmed.<\/p>\n<p>The increasing rightwards leaning of the French government does not reassure the community either.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cGabriel Attal is known for his decision to ban the abaya in schools when he was the minister of education. Today, he\u2019s been appointed prime minister. It seems that Islamophobia in France leads to promotions,\u201d Ahmad adds bitterly.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2254910\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2254910\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-arc-image-770 wp-image-2254910\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/33L966Z-highres-1687939130.jpg\" alt=\"nanterre protests\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2254910\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The killing of Nahel prompted protests that devolved into violence as police in riot gear faced off against demonstrators, on June 27, 2023 [Zakaria Abdelkafi\/AFP]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As those events raised tensions, conversations between French Algerians about moving to Algeria emerged on social media.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to exchanging advice, many use them to share their experiences of Islamophobia. Some people have talked about the challenges their children face, such as not having any halal meat options at school or being told they cannot pronounce the one-word Muslim \u201cBismillah\u201d prayer before eating.<\/p>\n<p>For his last week in Algeria after a five-month internship, Ahmed is a busy man but wants to make the most of it. He is not sure when he is coming back.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m sad to leave back to France. I\u2019m honestly not ready to face the asphyxiant atmosphere again,\u201d he confesses.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-213794299798\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>He calls himself \u201can Arab of France\u201d because he does not feel completely French or Algerian.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019m both, but with the direction France is taking, I feel less and less French. I don\u2019t know if it\u2019s because I\u2019ve grown up and see clearer or if it\u2019s getting worse.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Before this trip, Ahmed had only visited Algeria a few times. Second-generation French, he sees Algeria as a potential future home.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf there\u2019s an opportunity for me here, I will immediately seize it.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"creative-force\">\u2018Creative force\u2019<\/h2>\n<p>For some dual citizens, the desire to return is driven by economic interests, as they are encouraged by the lack of competition and the unexplored Algerian market.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2668474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2668474\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-arc-image-770 wp-image-2668474\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Rym-Eryam-1706793198.jpg\" alt=\"French Algerians moving to Algeria\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2668474\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rym Bougueta\u00efa presenting her company in Algiers for the first time [Courtesy of Rym Bougueta\u00efa]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Like Rym\u00a0Bougueta\u00efa, the 29-year-old entrepreneur behind Eryam Cosmetics who decided to return to the country her parents fled in the 1990s.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s always been a dream\u2026 Even though I was very well integrated in France, my country of birth, I\u2019ve always felt indebted to Algeria. I believe that it\u2019s up to us, the children of Algeria, to help the country evolve,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-871184212997\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Perhaps aware of this interest, Algeria issued a new law encouraging foreign investors in July 2022 and President Abdelmadjid Tebboune addressed several messages to the diaspora as a call for investments.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou have been ignored for a long time; now you need to feel that you are an integral part of the homeland. You are a creative force. The country needs you,\u201d he said in one.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the government\u2019s efforts, it is not clear sailing.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI had to go through a year of paperwork before my project saw the light. I also deal with slow internet, especially during the Baccalaureate exams when the government cuts the internet for a week,\u201d Bougueta\u00efa says.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe diaspora should have more interest in Algeria while the government should provide more assistance and encouragement for the diaspora to return.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-526330281148\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The efforts among France\u2019s far-right to increase the flow of people of Algerian origin or descent going to Algeria are continuing.<\/p>\n<p>Those include working to cancel a 1968 agreement between Algeria and France that regulates the movement, employment and residence of Algerian nationals in France.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2668463\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2668463\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-arc-image-770 wp-image-2668463\" src=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/AFP__20211017__9PV48Y__v1__Preview__FranceAlgeriaPoliticsHistory-1706793043.jpg\" alt=\"Women throw roses into the Seine river\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2668463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">France\u2019s colonisation and Algeria\u2019s fight for liberation bind the two countries. Shown is a commemoration of the brutal repression of an October 17, 1961, demonstration during which at least 120 Algerians were killed protesting in support of Algerian independence, in Paris, October 17, 2021 [Alain Jocard\/AFP]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Baptiste Mollard, PhD candidate at the Center for Sociological Research on Law and Penal Institutions, feels that this ambition is to pressure the Algerian government to take back its citizens staying in France irregularly.<\/p>\n<p>France\u2019s government has a long history of measures aiming to set limits on what it sees as an influx of Algerians.<\/p>\n<p>In 2021, France decided to cut by half the quota of visas, starting a long diplomatic crisis with Algiers. That year, only 63,000 visas were granted compared with 200,000 to 400,000 in the previous years.<\/p>\n<p>Further back in 1962, France decided to create the National Office for Algerian Labor (ONAMO), responsible for the selection of workers in Algeria.<\/p>\n<p>ONAMO was followed by the 1964 Nekkache-Grandval labour agreement, which aimed to limit the number of Algerian immigrants settling in France by increasing the prerequisites for family reunification.<\/p>\n<div class=\"container--ads in-article-ads\">\n<div class=\"ads\">\n<div class=\"ads__slot\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"div-gpt-ad-313197469564\" class=\"freestar-ads\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cFear among decision-makers of a massive and anarchic immigration justified numerous discriminations, as well as large-scale repatriation or expulsion operations,\u201d Mollard says.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cArbitrary health checks were implemented at French borders. It often resulted in detentions of several days \u2013 not justified by any law \u2013 on the premises of what would later become the first French administrative detention centre in Arenc, Marseille.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe French Ministry of the Interior also conducted a hunt for \u2018fake Algerian tourists\u2019. In addition to a special queue for them in ports and airports, Algerian tourists suspected of coming to work were subjected to insults and harassment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>*Name changed upon the interviewee\u2019s request.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"fluid-vids\"><iframe id=\"youtube-player-0\" class=\"youtube-player pause-controller in-content\" title=\"Algeria: 60 years of independence from France | Al Jazeera Newsfeed\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ixPVSFEMNgA?version=3&amp;rel=1&amp;showsearch=0&amp;showinfo=1&amp;iv_load_policy=1&amp;fs=1&amp;hl=en-US&amp;autohide=2&amp;wmode=transparent&amp;enablejsapi=1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-has-listener=\"true\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"article-source\">SOURCE:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/features\/2024\/2\/1\/the-french-algerians-moving-to-algeria-seeking-freedom-opportunity\">AL JAZEERA<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What was once a one-way street heading north is now a two-lane highway with some people heading south out of France. Fafa&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":98631,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,4,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-algeria","category-featured-articles","category-politics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The French Algerians moving to Algeria \u2018seeking freedom, opportunity\u2019 - AAH.JZR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/en\/the-french-algerians-moving-to-algeria-seeking-freedom-opportunity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The French Algerians moving to Algeria \u2018seeking freedom, opportunity\u2019 - AAH.JZR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What was once a one-way street heading north is now a two-lane highway with some people heading south out of France. 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