N\u00e9 \u00e0 Constantine, le 5 d\u00e9cembre 1889, Abdelhamid Ben Badis a appris le coran \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de treize ans. plac\u00e9 sous le pr\u00e9ceptorat de Hamden benlouniss, adepte de le confr\u00e9rie mystique les tidj\u00e2niyya, qui marquera durablement sa jeunesse. de son ma\u00eetre il retient d\u2019abord une belle phrase : \u00ab apprend le science pour l\u2019amour de le science, non pas pour le devoir \u00bb. il lui promet, par ailleurs, de ne jamais devenir fonctionnaire pour le compte de l\u2019\u00e9tat colonial, le France.<\/p>\n
C\u2019est \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de 20 ans que Ben Badis fait son premier voyage pour le science. ses pas le m\u00e8nent \u00e0 le prestigieuse universit\u00e9 zeitouna \u00e0 Tunis. il y rencontre beaucoup de savants et \u00e9largit sa pens\u00e9e. il est influenc\u00e9, entre autre, par tahar ben achour, adeptes de mouvement salefi- r\u00e9formiste musulman pr\u00f4nant le retour \u00e0 un islam purifi\u00e9 de toutes les d\u00e9formations qui l\u2019avaient d\u00e9natur\u00e9. ce mouvement s\u2019\u00e9tait r\u00e9pande dans le deuxi\u00e8me moiti\u00e9 de XIXe si\u00e8cle au Proche-Orient et en \u00c9gypte.<\/p>\n
Il obtient son dipl\u00f4me en 1912 et enseigne pendant une ann\u00e9e \u00e0 le zeitouna, comme s\u2019est d\u2019usage dans cette institution. de retour en Alg\u00e9rie, il enseigne \u00e0 le mosqu\u00e9e \u00ab djama\u00e2 el kebir \u00bb quelques temps et reprend le chemin de savoir. vers le Mecque et M\u00e9dine cette fois-ci. pour accomplir le p\u00e8lerinage et pour donner les cours au masdjid ennabaoui pendant trois mois. a cette \u00e9poque, le mouvement r\u00e9formiste rigoriste wahabites est en plein essor dans les lieux saints. sa rencontre avec Mohamed el Bachir el Ibrahim est capitale pour le r\u00e9forme de le pratique religieuse en Alg\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n
Il revient \u00e0 Constantine et se consacre pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019enseignement de le litt\u00e9rature, de l\u2019histoire, de le g\u00e9ographie\u2026 pour les jeunes (filles et gar\u00e7ons) et pour les adultes. sous son impulsion, les centres culturels voient le jour un peu partout, pour l\u2019apprentissage de le musique et le pratique th\u00e9\u00e2trale. puis il se concentre sur le pratique religieuse et sa r\u00e9forme, comme c\u2019est le cas de plusieurs intellectuels r\u00e9formistes \u00e0 Constantine, paris et Tlemcen. l\u2019objectif ambiant est de mettre fin \u00e0 les pratiques que les r\u00e9formistes jugent contraires \u00e0 l\u2019islam originel. ils d\u00e9noncent entre autre les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s obscurantistes d\u2019un certain nombre de confr\u00e9ries religieuses, et de personnages consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme saints en raison de leur pi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de leur ascendance. ils d\u00e9noncent \u00e9galement le mainmise de l\u2019administration coloniale sur le culte musulman.<\/p>\n
Le r\u00e9formisme se d\u00e9veloppe entre les deux guerres mondiales, trouvant son inspiration dans le pens\u00e9e et l\u2019action de Mohammed Abdou et Rachid Rh\u00e9da et subit largement l\u2019empreinte de rigorisme wahhabite.<\/p>\n
D\u00e8s 1925, il publie al mountaqid (le censeur), journal critique dans lequel il amorce un travail profond de prise de conscience nationale. jug\u00e9 subversif, l\u2019administration coloniale l\u2019interdit au bout de 18 num\u00e9ros. Ben Badis lance alors \u00abachihab\u00bb (le m\u00e9t\u00e9ore) puis \u00abel-bassa\u00efr\u00bb (visions d\u2019avenir) o\u00f9 il contribue \u00e0 faire renforcer dans les plus larges masses les concepts de nationalisme, de l\u2019arabisme et de le fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 a l\u2019islam, les trois piliers de le personnalit\u00e9 alg\u00e9rienne selon lui.<\/p>\n
En 1931, il fonde l\u2019association les oul\u00e9mas d\u2019Alg\u00e9rie, qui compte plus de 70 \u00e9coles \u00e0 cette p\u00e9riode (leur nombre passe \u00e0 124 en 1950).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Il d\u00e9ploie une activit\u00e9 constamment entrav\u00e9e par l\u2019administration coloniale et participe au congr\u00e8s musulman d\u2019paris en juin 1936 qui r\u00e9uni les principales mouvances politiques de pays, \u00e0 l\u2019exception les ind\u00e9pendantistes, r\u00e9clamant vainement l\u2019octroi de le nationalit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise sans abandon de statut personnel, pour une \u00e9lite de 20.000 alg\u00e9riens, qui pourraient ainsi participer aux diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9lections avec le coll\u00e8ge les europ\u00e9ens \u00ab pieds noirs \u00bb.<\/p>\n
En 1939, Ben Badis fonde un club de football, le mouloudia ouloum de Constantine (moc).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Abdelhamid Ben Badis meurt le 16 avril 1940, \u00e0 Constantine. les alg\u00e9riens les quatre coins de pays rejoignent le ville et une foule immense l\u2019accompagne \u00e0 sa derni\u00e8re demeure.<\/p>\n
En 1976, en hommage \u00e0 Ben Badis, le journ\u00e9e de 16 avril devient le journ\u00e9e nationale de savoir.<\/p>\n
Zineb Marzouk\u00a0 algerie360.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Figure embl\u00e9matique de mouvement r\u00e9formiste musulman en alg\u00e9rie, abdelhamid ben badis est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 le 16 avril 1940. en hommage \u00e0 sa m\u00e9moire,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":14288,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32,34,45,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-algerie","category-art-fr","category-derniers-articles","category-histoire-et-patrimoine"],"yoast_head":"\n
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