{"id":51176,"date":"2022-04-24T15:00:33","date_gmt":"2022-04-24T14:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/?p=51176"},"modified":"2022-04-23T15:43:10","modified_gmt":"2022-04-23T14:43:10","slug":"lahellil-du-gourara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/fr\/lahellil-du-gourara\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019Ahellil du Gourara"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inscrit en 2008 (3.COM<\/a>) sur la Liste repr\u00e9sentative du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 (originellement proclam\u00e9 en 2005)<\/p>\n

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L\u2019Ahellil est un genre po\u00e9tique et musical embl\u00e9matique des Z\u00e9n\u00e8tes du Gourara, pratiqu\u00e9 lors de c\u00e9r\u00e9monies collectives. Cette r\u00e9gion du sud-ouest alg\u00e9rien compte une centaine d\u2019oasis peupl\u00e9e de plus de 50\u00a0000 habitants d\u2019origine berb\u00e8re, arabe et soudanaise.<\/p>\n

L\u2019Ahellil, localis\u00e9 dans la partie berb\u00e9rophone du Gourara, est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 lors de f\u00eates religieuses et de p\u00e8lerinages, mais aussi \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de r\u00e9jouissances profanes telles que mariages et foires locales. \u00c9troitement li\u00e9 au mode de vie des Z\u00e9n\u00e8tes et \u00e0 l\u2019agriculture oasienne, l\u2019Ahellil symbolise la coh\u00e9sion de la communaut\u00e9 dans un environnement difficile et v\u00e9hicule les valeurs et l\u2019histoire des Z\u00e9n\u00e8tes dans une langue aujourd\u2019hui menac\u00e9e de disparition.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la fois po\u00e9sie, chant polyphonique, musique et danse, ce genre r\u00e9unit un joueur de bengri (fl\u00fbte), un chanteur et un ch\u0153ur. Ce dernier peut compter une centaine de personnes qui, soud\u00e9es \u00e9paule contre \u00e9paule, ex\u00e9cutent un mouvement giratoire autour du soliste et lui donnent la r\u00e9plique en tapant dans leurs mains. Une s\u00e9ance d\u2019Ahellil comprend une s\u00e9rie de chants qui se succ\u00e8dent dans l\u2019ordre d\u00e9cid\u00e9 par le musicien ou le chanteur. Elle suit un sch\u00e9ma immuable\u00a0: la premi\u00e8re partie ouverte \u00e0 tous, le lemserreh, compos\u00e9e de chants courts et connus de tous, se prolonge jusqu\u2019\u00e0 une heure avanc\u00e9e de la nuit.<\/p>\n

La deuxi\u00e8me partie, l\u2019aougrout, est r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux plus exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s et se poursuit jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019aube. Le tra s\u2019ach\u00e8ve avec le lever du soleil et ne retient que les meilleurs interpr\u00e8tes. Cette structure tertiaire se retrouve dans l\u2019ex\u00e9cution du chant qui d\u00e9bute par un pr\u00e9lude instrumental, suivi du ch\u0153ur qui reprend certains vers du po\u00e8me et s\u2019ach\u00e8ve par un murmure du ch\u0153ur qui va en crescendo pour produire un ensemble harmonieux et puissant.<\/p>\n

Cette tradition est menac\u00e9e dans la mesure o\u00f9 les occasions de l\u2019ex\u00e9cuter sont de moins en moins nombreuses. Ce d\u00e9clin est li\u00e9 \u00e0 la rar\u00e9faction des f\u00eates traditionnelles exigeant de longs pr\u00e9paratifs, \u00e0 la migration des jeunes vers les villes et \u00e0 la multiplication des enregistrements d\u2019Ahellil que les gens pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent \u00e9couter plut\u00f4t que de participer \u00e0 une s\u00e9ance.<\/p>\n

unesco.org<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Inscrit en 2008 (3.COM) sur la Liste repr\u00e9sentative du patrimoine culturel immat\u00e9riel de l\u2019humanit\u00e9 (originellement proclam\u00e9 en 2005) L\u2019Ahellil est un genre…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":51178,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"video","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[32,34,39,45,42,53,52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51176","post","type-post","status-publish","format-video","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-algerie","category-art-fr","category-articles-en-vedette","category-derniers-articles","category-histoire-et-patrimoine","category-le-sahara-algerien","category-sport-fr","post_format-post-format-video"],"yoast_head":"\nL\u2019Ahellil du Gourara - AAH.JZR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/fr\/lahellil-du-gourara\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u2019Ahellil du Gourara - 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