{"id":5635,"date":"2020-11-27T16:22:23","date_gmt":"2020-11-27T21:22:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/?p=5635"},"modified":"2020-11-27T16:22:23","modified_gmt":"2020-11-27T21:22:23","slug":"dou-vient-lappellation-algerie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/fr\/dou-vient-lappellation-algerie\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u2019o\u00f9 vient l\u2019appellation \u00ab Alg\u00e9rie \u00bb ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source The Casbah Post\u00a0 le 23 ao\u00fbt 2017<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\"\"<\/a>
Planche repr\u00e9sentant Alger, issue de Civitates Orbis Terrarum de Georg Braun et Frans Hogenberg, Cologne, 1575.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

L\u2019Alg\u00e9rie tire son appellation actuelle du nom de sa capitale, Alger. Le toponyme de cette derni\u00e8re serait issu de la transcription fran\u00e7aise du mot,\u00a0provenant du nom de la ville en arabe,\u00a0El-Djaza\u2019ir<\/em>, signifiant \u00ab\u00a0les \u00eeles\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Des \u00eeles faisaient en effet face au port d\u2019Alger. Elles auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 rattach\u00e9es durant la p\u00e9riode ottomane \u00e0 la jet\u00e9e d\u2019Alger. Parmi ces iles, au moins l\u2019une d\u2019entre elles \u00e9tait habitable et servait de sanctuaire pour la population en cas d\u2019attaque:<\/p>\n

\u00ab Il y a pr\u00e8s de la ville, \u00e0 une port\u00e9e de fl\u00e8che, une \u00eele qui lui fait face\u00a0; lorsqu\u2019un ennemi les attaque, les habitants se r\u00e9fugient dans cette \u00eele, s\u2019y mettent en \u00e9tat de d\u00e9fense et y trouvent un abri s\u00fbr contre ceux dont ils se gardent et dont ils redoutent l\u2019agression. \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ibn Hawqal,\u00a0commer\u00e7ant de Bagdad qui visite la ville au X\u00e8me si\u00e8cle<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"
Civitates Orbis Terrarium, 1575<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le g\u00e9ographe andalou Al-Bakri rapportait ainsi au XI\u00e8me si\u00e8cle que la ville portait le nom de Djaza\u2019ir Beni Mezghena (les \u00eeles des Beni Mezghena), en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la tribu dont \u00e9tait originaire Bologhine Ibn Ziri, fondateur de la dynastie des Zirides et qui lance \u00e0 partir de 960 la reconstruction de la ville sur les ruines de l\u2019antique Icosium.<\/p>\n

De nombreuses d\u00e9clinaisons de l\u2019appellation de la ville et du territoire o\u00f9 elle est situ\u00e9e existent autour du th\u00e8me des \u00eeles. Ainsi, Ibn Khaldoun dans sa Muqaddimah nomme Alger et par extension le centre du pays\u00a0Bilad El Djaza\u2019ir\u00a0<\/em>(le pays des \u00eeles), tandis que l\u2019\u00e9mir Abdelkader mentionne dans ses \u00e9crits\u00a0Watan El Djaza\u2019ir<\/em>\u00a0(la nation ou patrie des \u00eeles).<\/em><\/p>\n

Le territoire d\u00e9sign\u00e9 par le terme\u00a0El Djaza\u2019ir<\/em>\u00a0va en effet progressivement inclure le territoire entourant la ville d\u2019Alger, puis celui de la r\u00e9gence d\u2019Alger, et enfin l\u2019ensemble du territoire constituant l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie actuelle.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Vue d\u2019Alger \u00e0 partir de la mer, Henry Parice \/ L. Clark, 1818<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Le livre\u00a0Civitates Orbis Terrarum<\/em>\u00a0publi\u00e9 en 1575 en langue latine par\u00a0Georg Braun et Frans Hogenberg, consacre une planche \u00e0 la ville ainsi qu\u2019un paragraphe descriptif, sous le nom\u00a0Algeria<\/em>.\u00a0En fran\u00e7ais, le mot Alg\u00e9rie fait son apparition en 1686 avec les\u00a0Entretiens sur la pluralit\u00e9 des mondes<\/em>\u00a0de Fontenelle pour d\u00e9signer la r\u00e9gence d\u2019Alger. Retranscription de l\u2019arabe, le terme d\u00e9montre l\u2019\u00e9volution du terme\u00a0El Djaza\u2019ir<\/em>, qui d\u00e9signe alors non seulement la ville mais \u00e9galement le territoire sur lequel le pouvoir de la r\u00e9gence s\u2019\u00e9tend.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Source The Casbah Post\u00a0 le 23 ao\u00fbt 2017   Planche repr\u00e9sentant Alger, issue de Civitates Orbis Terrarum de Georg Braun et Frans…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":70,"featured_media":5636,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histoire-et-patrimoine"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u2019o\u00f9 vient l\u2019appellation \u00ab Alg\u00e9rie \u00bb ? - AAH.JZR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jazairhope.org\/fr\/dou-vient-lappellation-algerie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u2019o\u00f9 vient l\u2019appellation \u00ab Alg\u00e9rie \u00bb ? 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